绍兴有戏 ·
绍兴古城故事汇

绍兴城内府山和外府山之间有一座孝子桥，据传跟此地出了两位孝子有关。刘谦和刘谨两兄弟为接回远在云南戍边的父亲，先后多次前往，其孝心最终感动了官员，其父终被准许归乡。清乾隆三十一年（1766），绍兴知府王鸣在水澄巷立碑，上书：“明孝子刘遂庵先生故里”。后人在孝子里附近修建桥梁，取名为“孝子桥”。

明太祖洪武年间，绍兴水澄巷住着一户刘姓人家，有兄弟俩，兄刘谦，弟刘谨，号遂庵。有一年，刘父因罪被发配到云南戍边。刘谨时年6岁，总是为父担忧，每天早晚都要向西南方遥拜。

刘谨14岁那年，执意要去往云南看望父亲，其兄刘谦拿出早已准备好的行装，兄弟俩一起前往云南探望父亲。兄弟俩历尽艰辛，跋山涉水六个月后，终于到达云南。父子三人终得相见。不久，刘父患病卧床不起，兄长刘谦代父服役，不料死于戍所。刘谨竭尽家中所有，抚养兄长之子，后又三赴云南，官员被刘谨的孝心感动，最终使其父亲归乡。此后，刘谨精心侍奉，让父亲安享晚年。

兄弟俩的孝行感动了乡里，传为佳话。明代名士司马恂、朱文渊等以诗文歌颂刘家兄弟的大孝之举。其后，刘家孙子科第相继，乡人都说这是孝行所报。明代著名的儒学大师、蕺山学派创始人刘宗周即是刘谨后裔。

There is a Filial-son bridge between inner Mountain-Fu and outer Mountain-Fu in Shaoxing, which is said to be related to two filial sons here. The brothers Liu Qian and Liu Jin went to Yunnan many times in order to pick up their father who was sent to garrison there. Their filial piety finally moved the officials, and their father was finally allowed to return home. In the thirty-first year of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1766), Wang Ming, governor of Shaoxing, erected a tablet in Shuicheng Lane, which read: "The hometown of Mr.Liu Sui-an, a filial son in the Ming Dynasty". Later generations built a bridge near here, named "Filial-son Bridge".

During the reign of Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, there lived a family surnamed Liu in Shuicheng Lane in Shaoxing. There were two brothers, Liu Qian and Liu Jin, who was also known as Liu Sui-an. One year, their father was sent to garrison in Yunnan out of committing a crime. Liu Jin was 6 years old and always worried about his father. Every morning and evening, he would bow to the southwest to pray for his father.

When Liu Jin was 14 years old, he insisted on going to Yunnan to visit his father, and his brother Liu Qian took out the package which had already been prepared. The brothers went through hardships and finally arrived in Yunnan after six months of trekking. The three of father and sons finally met. Unluckily, Soon the father was sick and bedridden, and the elder brother Liu Qian served in replacement of the father, but unexpectedly died in the garrison. Liu Jin did everything in this family to raise his brother's son, and then went to Yunnan three times to look after his father. The officials were moved by Liu Jin's filial piety and finally made his father return home. After that, Liu Jin served his father carefully, making him to enjoy his old age in peace.

The two brothers' filial piety moved the village and became a legend. Sima Xun, Zhu Wen-yuan and other famous scholars in the Ming Dynasty praised the filial piety of the Liu brothers with poems and articles. Later, the offspring of the Liu family succeeded in examination one after another, which was rewarded by the filial piety rooted in the family according to the local villagers. Liu Zong-zhou, a famous master of Confucianism and the founder of Jishan School, was a descendant of Liu Jin.

소흥 성내 부산과 외부산 사이에는 효자교가 있는데, 이곳에서 효자 두 명이 나왔다고 전해진다. 류겸과 류근 두 형제는 멀리 운남에서 변강을 지키는 아버지를 모시기 위해 여러차례 찾아갔는데, 그 효심이 결국 관원들을 감동시켰고, 그의 아버지는 결국 귀향을 허락받았다. 청나라 건륭 31년, 소흥 지부 왕명이 수청항에 비석을 세우고“명효자 류수암 선생의 고향”이라고 글을 올렸다.후세 사람들이 효자리 부근에 다리를 놓아 ‘효자교’ 라는 이름을 붙였다.

명나라 태조 홍무년간에 소흥 수청항에는 류씨 성 인가가 살았는데 형은 류겸이고 동생은 류근이며 호는 수암이였다. 어느 해에 류부는 죄로 운남 수변에 배속되었고 ,여섯 살 때 아버지를 걱정하며 아침저녁으로 남서쪽을 향해 절을 했다.

류근은 열네살 되던 해에 운남으로 아버지를 찾아갔고, 형 류겸은 미리 준비했던 행장을 꺼내 형제와 함께 운남으로 아버지를 찾아갔다. 형제는 갖은 고생을 다 겪은 끝에 산을 넘고 육 개월 만에 운남에 도착했고, 부자 세 사람은 결국 만났다. 얼마 후, 류부가 병에 걸려 자리에 눕자, 형 류겸이 아버지를 대신하여 복무하다가 뜻밖에 수소에서 죽었다. 류근은 집안의 모든 것을 다하여 형의 아들을 기르고, 다시 세 번 운남으로 갔는데, 관원은 류근의 효심에 감동하여 결국 아버지를 낙향 시켰다. 이후 류근은 정성껏 모시며 노년을 편히 보내게 하였다.

형제의 효행이 향리를 감동시켜 미담으로 전해졌고, 명대의 명사 사마공손, 주문연 등이 시문으로 류가 형제의 효행을 찬미하였다.그 뒤 류씨 집안의 손자 과제가 이어지자 향인들은 효행의 소보라고 했다. 명대의 유명한 유학의 대가이자 즙산학파의 창시자인 류종주가 바로 류근의 후손이다.

紹興城内の府山と外府山の間には、孝子橋という橋があります。この橋は、地元出身の二人の親孝行な行為によって作られたものであると言われています。昔、紹興には、劉謙と劉謹という兄弟がいました。この兄弟は、国境の雲南省で防人をしていた父親を故郷に連れて行くために、何度も父親の駐屯地に赴きました。その結果、駐屯地の長は兄弟の誠心に感佩したため、彼らの父親の帰郷を許しました。この話は、のちの清の乾隆の31年、即ち1766年に、紹興府知事の王鳴氏が地元の水澄巷において記念碑を建て、上には「明の孝子劉遂菴先生の故里」という文字が銘記してあることにより、広く知られています。後に、劉遂菴先生の故里の近くには、橋が架けられて、それを「孝子橋」として命名されました。

続いて詳細にお話をさせていただきます。明太祖時代のことのですが、つまり洪武の時、紹興の水澄巷に劉という家がありまして、兄弟が二人いました。兄は劉謙と言いましたが、弟は劉謹といいまして、遂菴を号しました。彼らの父親は、罪で遠方の雲南のところに流されまして、防人として守ることを課されました。その時、弟の劉謹は６歳であり、父親のことをよく心配するため、毎日の朝と夜、父親のいるところの南西方面に向かって祈りながら拝んでいました。

14歳になると、どうしても雲南のところへ父親を尋ねに行かなければいけないという弟の劉謹の立場に対して、兄の劉謙はすでに整備したお荷物を出して、弟を連れて雲南に向かっていました。二人は、大きな困難を超えて、山を登ったり、川を渡ったりしていた6ヶ月後、ようやく雲南に着きました。父、二人の兄弟、三人はついに揃ってしまいました。その後、父が突然病気になったため、兄の劉謙は父の代わりに防人の役を続けていました。間も無く、兄は意外に雲南に死にました。そのため、弟の劉謹は、全ての家計を出して兄の息子を育てました。それと同時に、劉謹は、三回で雲南へ赴きました。駐屯地の長たちは、劉謹による親孝行な心に感銘したため、最後に親子の帰郷のことを認めました。故郷に戻った劉謹は、親父に丁寧に仕えて、親父を老後に楽しんでもらいました。

二人の兄弟の親孝行は、地元の人々の心をかなり動かして、すぐ地元の佳話となりました。明の時代の名士であった司馬恂や朱文淵という諸氏は、詩文を作って二人の親孝行な行為を褒めました。その後、劉家の子孫は相次いで科挙において題名されたのです。これは親孝行によって報じられたものであると地元の人々はこう言っていました。明の時代における著名な理学大師、および儒学の蕺山学派の開祖であった劉宗周氏は劉謹の子孫であります。